Natural Disasters in South Asia

Various types of natural disasters (e.g. extreme temperatures and floods) became more
frequent in 1998-09, relative to 1985-97. However, the deadliness of earthquakes rose
sharply and of extreme temperatures more than moderately while that of most others
(droughts, floods, storms and wildfires) declined. While developing countries bear the
brunt of disasters, ironically these are also the countries which have made fewer efforts
to adapt their physical environments to mitigate the impact of such disasters and to
insure themselves against disaster risks. If interventions do not go beyond short-term
relief and shy away from rebuilding of livelihoods and reconstruction from a longerterm
perspective, communities/regions highly vulnerable to natural hazards (e.g. low
lying coastal areas are highly vulnerable to floods) are likely to fare worse with
recurrent catastrophes. While our evidence points to growing vulnerability to natural
disasters and their grave implications for human security, a challenge for development
assistance is to combine speedy relief with durable reduction in vulnerability. If our
analysis has any validity, there are indeed some grounds for optimism.