Understanding why people choose or are forced to occupy hazardous locations is key to developing successful disaster risk reduction (DRR) initiatives. Despite a sustained global effort to reduce risk, worldwide disaster losses are increasing as populations and economic assets continue to grow in hazardous locations (O’Keefe et al., 1976; World Bank, 2013). Economic development and population growth in Java’s highland volcanic environments is rapidly changing the landscape and placing a greater number of people and assets at risk.