As the largest archipelagic country in Southeast Asia, Indonesia is by nature surrounded by the seas and strategically situated between the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Given this geographical circumstance, the Indonesian government perceives the country as a maritime nation. This research addresses the question of how maritime identity construction took place in Indonesia and what the influences of maritime identity on Indonesian foreign policy are. To answer these questions, this research adopts a constructivist-interpretive approach to explore the meaning of maritime identity and how it is constructed based on the perception of the Indonesian government officials. This research also seeks to understand the maritime dimension in Indonesian foreign policy. This research presents two arguments. First, in the context of post-independent Indonesia, the state plays role in producing historical narratives of maritime identity from the past and reproducing it in the modern-state of Indonesia. The state maintains and socializes maritime identity as national identity. Second, maritime identity influences the Indonesian foreign policy by creating maritime norms and the state’s international roles perception. This research finds that since Indonesian independence, the Indonesian government has maintained maritime identity in various ways. Different presidential period shows the different priority of maritime identity construction. In foreign policy, Indonesia has been a norm-entrepreneur in the conduct of international relations. Indonesia advocates norms that emerged from maritime identity such as respect for state sovereignty and support for rule-based order. Indonesia also strives to elevate its role as the central link connecting the Indian and Pacific Oceans.